Practicals

Practicals are done based on Ms Nada's order.

2P01
In this practical we were exposed to the various methods of identifying acids and alkali, such as indicators and testing for electrical conductivity. We also got to taste and feel acids and alkalis.

2P02
In this practical we investigated the reaction between acids and metals to find out the properties of hydrogen. It was quite surprising that there was a "pop" sound at first because it was very loud and could have startled someone. In order to prove that the gas emitted was hydrogen, we subjected it to various tests as well.

2P03
In this practical, we investigated the reaction of acids against carbonates. We found out that this produces carbon dioxide by putting the gas into limewater and this produced a white precipitate. When damp blue litmus paper was put near the opening of the test tube containing carbon dioxide, it turned red, which meant that carbon dioxide is acidic.

2P04
In this practical we mixed hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide to find out the reaction between acid and alkali. We stirred acid and alkali together until the solution was neutralised only then did we put the solution on top a bunsen flame to evaporate the solution. The result was a white substance which was salt.

2P05
In this practical, we investigated the effect of alkali against ammonium salts. After mixing the 2 substances evenly, we put the solution above the bunsen flame to heat up. This resulted in an alkali gas known as ammonia which was colourless but had a pungent smell.

2P06
In thus practical we found out the identity of substance X by subjecting it to various rounds of experiments based on our previous practicals. We added hydrochloric acid to it and it produced carbon dioxide, which meant that substance X is alkali in nature. We then mixed X with another alkali to check for ammonia and the test turned out positive which meant that X was a ammonium salt.

2P13
This practical we were tasked with finding 2 wind pollinated flowers and 4 animal pollinated flowers in school. After that we had to find out their species names and come up with a brochure on how did these flowers reproduce. i felt that this practical helped me learn that we could search google using an image we already had and this will be useful in the future.

2P14
I was not in school to do this practical due to external competition.

2P15
This practical we were all given a mushroom bag to bring home to grow grey oyster mushrooms. At first I had alot of questions like will be mushrooms be affected by overcrowding since the bottle was so small. However only after 2 weeks after watering the mushrooms then they started to grow. On Friday, they were like this
On the next day they were like this
I was surprised how fast the mushrooms grew despite the measly amount of water I gave them.

2P07
For this practical, we shone light at plane mirrors and convex, concave mirrors to find out the law of reflection. The law of reflection applies to all the surfaces we tested even though they were curved. The angle of incidence was equal to angle of reflection as shown by the experiment.

2P08 
In this practical we used various types of mirrors to find out their properties. Images formed in plane mirrors are laterally inverted, upright, same distance away from us and the mirror, same size as the original object. We also had fun usingthe convex and concave mirrors to find out what were real and virtual images.

2P09
In this practial we shone a ray of light through a palstic block to find out how refraction occurs and how is the angle of incidence related to the angle of refraction. In the end we found out that angle of incidence is proportionate to angle of refraction.

2P10
In this practical we used a semi-circular plastic block and shone a ray of light at it to find out what is the critical angle of that block. After finding out the critical angle of the plastic block was 43 degrees, we used the formula to calculate the refractive index of the plastic block. Through this experiment we are able to understand the conditions needed for the critical angle to happen as well how optical fibres make use of total internal reflection to transmit signals.

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